http://wiki.edsight.org/ 2026-05-30T11:28:13+00:00 http://wiki.edsight.org/ http://wiki.edsight.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:dokuwiki.svg text/html 2026-04-14T17:14:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=marcus_tullius_cicero&rev=1776186865&do=diff Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 BCE) Biography Marcus Tullius Cicero was a Roman lawyer, statesman, orator, and philosopher whose writings on rhetoric, law, and civic life have exerted a longer continuous influence on Western education than those of almost any other ancient figure. Born in 106 BCE in Arpinum, Italy, to a wealthy but politically obscure family, Cicero was what the Romans called a novus homo — a text/html 2026-04-20T01:41:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=ho_chi_minh&rev=1776649282&do=diff Hồ Chí Minh (1890–1969) Biography Hồ Chí Minh was born Nguyễn Sinh Cung on 19 May 1890 in Kim Liên village, Nam Đàn district, Nghệ An province — the same landscape of Confucian scholarship and anti-colonial resistance that had produced text/html 2026-04-20T01:36:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=phan_boi_chau&rev=1776649009&do=diff Phan Bội Châu (1867–1940) Biography Phan Bội Châu was born on 26 December 1867 in Đan Nhiệm village, Nam Đàn district, Nghệ An province — a region of central Vietnam whose harsh terrain and fiercely proud scholarly tradition had already produced generations of resistance leaders against successive foreign powers. His father, a Confucian teacher of modest means who had declined to serve the colonial administration, instilled in his son an early mastery of the classical canon and a deep convicti… text/html 2026-04-18T14:58:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=horace_quintus_horatius_flaccus&rev=1776524296&do=diff Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) (65–8 BCE) Biography Quintus Horatius Flaccus was born on 8 December 65 BCE in Venusia (modern Basilicata, southern Italy), the son of a freed slave who worked as an auctioneer and tax collector. His father's modest but fiercely devoted investment in his son's education was extraordinary for the social class: rather than entrust the boy to a local school in Venusia, he carried him to Rome and placed him under the grammaticus Orbilius, whose enthusiasm for the … text/html 2026-04-18T19:38:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=martin_luther&rev=1776541085&do=diff Martin Luther (1483–1546) Biography Martin Luther was born on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, in the County of Mansfeld in the Holy Roman Empire, the second of eight children born to Hans and Margarethe Luther. His father, a copper miner who rose to lease several foundries, was determined that Martin should study law, and enrolled him first at the Latin school in Mansfeld, then at schools in Magdeburg and Eisenach, and finally at the University of Erfurt, where Luther completed a master of arts … text/html 2026-04-20T01:02:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=cai_yuan_pei&rev=1776646937&do=diff Cai Yuanpei (1868–1940) Biography Cai Yuanpei (蔡元培, Thái Nguyên Bồi) was one of the most influential educators and thinkers of modern China, widely credited with transforming Chinese higher education during the turbulent transition from the Qing dynasty to the Republic of China. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, Cai received a rigorous classical education in the Confucian tradition, passing the imperial examination at a young age and earning the prestigious jinshi degree, after which he bri… text/html 2026-04-15T08:29:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=francis_bacon&rev=1776241789&do=diff Francis Bacon (1561–1626) Biography Sir Francis Bacon, Viscount Saint Albans, was an English philosopher, statesman, lawyer, and essayist whose Great Instauration (1620) and Novum Organum (1620) laid the conceptual foundations of the modern scientific method and made him, in the phrase of his biographers, a text/html 2026-04-19T08:52:20+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=phan_chau_trinh&rev=1776588740&do=diff Phan Châu Trinh (1872–1926) Biography Phan Châu Trinh (Phan Chu Trinh, 潘周楨) was born on 9 September 1872 in Tây Lộc village, Hà Đông district of Quảng Nam province in central Vietnam, the third son of a scholar-official father who also trained him in military skills. When French forces swept through the region in 1885 pursuing the fugitive rebel king Hàm Nghi, the young Phan fought alongside his father before resuming his classical education in 1887; he passed the regional mandarin examination… text/html 2026-04-19T08:36:40+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=thomas_elyot&rev=1776587800&do=diff Thomas Elyot (1490–1546) Biography Sir Thomas Elyot was born approximately three years after the conclusion of the Wars of the Roses, the decades-long dynastic conflicts that had convulsed England, into a family whose fortunes had been built on legal and political service under the new Tudor monarchy. His father, Richard Elyot, was a successful lawyer and judge, and Thomas grew up in close proximity to the machinery of Tudor governance — an upbringing that would give his educational writings t… text/html 2026-04-14T06:03:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=thomas_jefferson&rev=1776146595&do=diff Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) Biography Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States and principal author of the Declaration of Independence, is equally significant as an educational reformer who sought to align public schooling with the demands of a new democratic republic. Born in Shadwell, Virginia, Jefferson was formally educated at the College of William & Mary between 1760 and 1762, where the mentorship of Dr. William Small and the lawyer George Wythe exposed him to Enlightenmen… text/html 2026-04-19T08:41:26+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=wolfgang_ratke&rev=1776588086&do=diff Wolfgang Ratke (1571–1635) Biography Wolfgang Ratke (also known by the Latinised form Ratichius) was born in 1571 in Wilster, a small town in Holstein, and received his early education in a context shaped by Lutheran humanism — the intellectual tradition that united Protestant theological reform with the recovery of classical languages and the ambition to extend education more widely through society. He studied at the University of Rostock, where he gained training in theology, philosophy, mat… text/html 2025-06-16T13:45:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=charles_william_eliot&rev=1750081549&do=diff Charles William Eliot (1834–1926) Biography Charles William Eliot was an American academic who served as the President of Harvard University for a remarkable 40-year tenure from 1869 to 1909. He is widely credited with transforming Harvard into a modern research university by expanding the curriculum, professionalizing the faculty, and increasing admissions standards. Eliot's reforms had a profound influence not just on text/html 2026-04-20T01:01:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=confucius&rev=1776646896&do=diff Confucius (孔子) (551–479 BCE) Biography Confucius (孔子), whose personal name was Kong Qiu (孔丘) and courtesy name Zhong-ni (仲尼), is the towering figure of Chinese educational thought and has been honored for more than two thousand years as the first great teacher in Chinese history. The name by which he is known in the West is a Latinization of text/html 2026-04-18T19:24:02+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=martha_c._nussbaum&rev=1776540242&do=diff Martha Craven Nussbaum (1947– ) Biography Martha Craven Nussbaum was born on 6 May 1947 in New York City, into a prosperous family that gave her early access to music, theatre, and the arts — experiences she has credited with shaping her conviction that the humanities are indispensable to a fully developed human life. She studied at New York University and then Harvard University, completing her doctorate in classical philology and philosophy at Harvard in 1975 under the supervision of G.E.L. … text/html 2026-04-19T08:18:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=melanie_klein&rev=1776586725&do=diff Melanie Klein (1882–1960) Biography Melanie Klein was born Melanie Reizes in Vienna into a Jewish family with intellectual ambitions that her circumstances would long frustrate. She was a gifted student who hoped to study medicine, but the financial difficulties following her father's death and a marriage to Arthur Klein at the age of twenty-one redirected her energies toward domesticity and frequent depression. She encountered psychoanalysis through Freud's text/html 2026-04-18T19:48:15+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=michel_de_montaigne&rev=1776541695&do=diff Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592) Biography Michel Eyquem de Montaigne was born on 28 February 1533 at the Château de Montaigne in the Périgord region of Aquitaine, France, the son of Pierre Eyquem de Montaigne, a prosperous merchant who had inherited the family estate and elevated himself to the minor nobility, and Antoinette de Louppes, of Spanish-Jewish descent. His early education was arranged with exceptional care by his father, who had absorbed the humanistic values of the Renaissance duri… text/html 2025-06-16T13:45:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=burrhus_frederic_skinner&rev=1750081549&do=diff Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990) Biography Burrhus Frederic (B.F.) Skinner, born on March 20, 1904, in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania, was a prominent American psychologist and innovator. Initially aspiring to be a writer, Skinner's interests shifted to psychology after being exposed to the works of text/html 2026-04-18T14:26:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=georg_wilhelm_friedrich_hegel&rev=1776522372&do=diff Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831) Biography Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher of the idealist tradition whose systematic thinking — encompassing logic, metaphysics, the philosophy of history, aesthetics, and ethics — made him one of the most influential and contested thinkers of the nineteenth century. Born in 1770 in Stuttgart in the Duchy of Württemberg, Hegel's mother was well educated and taught him Latin from an early age; his love of reading was further ignit… text/html 2026-04-18T19:08:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=john_calvin&rev=1776539310&do=diff John Calvin (1509–1564) Biography Jean Calvin — known in the English-speaking world as John Calvin — was born on 10 July 1509 in Noyon, Picardy, then part of the Kingdom of France, the son of Gérard Cauvin, a notary and ecclesiastical administrator. His father initially directed him toward a clerical career, and Calvin received his early humanist education at the Collège de la Marche and the Collège de Montaigu in Paris before being redirected to law, which he studied at Orléans and Bourges un… text/html 2026-04-19T08:33:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=pythagoras&rev=1776587639&do=diff Pythagoras (570-495 BCE) Biography Pythagoras of Samos was born approximately 570 BCE on the Aegean island of Samos, the son of a gem engraver named Mnesarchus. His early intellectual formation was shaped by a series of extended journeys that brought him into contact with the most advanced learning of the ancient Mediterranean world. He studied for an estimated ten years in Egypt, living among the temple priests and immersing himself in the mathematical and astronomical knowledge that Egyptian… text/html 2026-04-19T08:34:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=siddhartha_gautama&rev=1776587699&do=diff Siddhartha Gautama (The Buddha) (624-544 BCE) Biography Siddhartha Gautama — the historical figure who came to be revered as the Buddha, the Awakened One — is believed to have been born approximately 563 BCE in Kapilavatthu, a town in what is today southern Nepal, the son of a raja (king) of the Shakya clan and his principal queen, Mahamaya. According to the traditional narrative, Siddhartha was raised in extraordinary privilege within the palace compound, deliberately shielded by his father f… text/html 2026-04-19T08:39:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=socrates&rev=1776587985&do=diff Socrates (469–399 BCE) Biography Socrates was born around 469 BCE in Athens to Sophroniscus, a stonemason, and Phaenarete, a midwife — a parentage he invoked memorably in describing his own intellectual practice as a form of maieutics, midwifery of the mind. He received the standard Athenian education in music, poetry, and gymnastics, and the oral tradition records his early interest in the natural philosophy of Anaxagoras, before he came to regard questions of cosmology as less urgent than qu… text/html 2026-04-19T08:29:32+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=st._augustine&rev=1776587372&do=diff St. Augustine (354-430) Biography Aurelius Augustinus — known to posterity as Saint Augustine of Hippo — was born in 354 CE in Thagaste, a small town in Roman North Africa in the region that is today Algeria. His mother, Monica, was a devout Christian whose persistent faith would eventually prove decisive in his own religious conversion; his father, Patricius, was a pagan Roman official of modest means who nonetheless ensured that his intellectually gifted son received a thorough classical edu… text/html 2026-04-19T08:35:53+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=thomas_aquinas&rev=1776587753&do=diff Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Biography Thomas Aquinas was born into a minor Italian noble family at the castle of Roccasecca near Naples. His formal education began at the age of five when he was sent as an oblate to the prestigious Benedictine Abbey of Monte Cassino — the epicentre of medieval European learning and a great repository of ancient texts — where he received a thorough grounding in the classical liberal arts curriculum: the Trivium of grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic, and the Quadri… text/html 2026-04-19T08:37:05+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=thucydides&rev=1776587825&do=diff Thucydides (460 – 400 BCE) Biography Thucydides was born in Athens around 460 BCE into a wealthy aristocratic family with connections to Thrace, and he received the classical Athenian education that divided intellectual formation into paideia mousike text/html 2026-04-19T08:41:07+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) http://wiki.edsight.org/doku.php?id=wilhelm_von_humboldt&rev=1776588067&do=diff Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) Biography Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt was born on 22 June 1767 in Potsdam into a family of the Pomeranian nobility, the elder of two brothers — the younger being the naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt — whose parallel intellectual lives would reshape European thought in the early nineteenth century. Wilhelm and Alexander were educated by private tutors of exceptional quality, including the Kantian pedagogue Joachim Heinri…