ment chez les débiles mentaux// (The Diagnosis of Reasoning in the Mentally Retarded), applied Piaget's clini... pace, time, movement, imagery, memory, and formal reasoning that established the empirical foundations of gen... == Key Contributions =====
==== The Diagnosis of Reasoning in the Mentally Retarded: Founding a Field ====
... English translation in 1968 as //The Diagnosis of Reasoning in the Mentally Retarded// — was the foundational
totle's //Organon// and its syllogistic method of reasoning. Admitted to Gray's Inn in 1576 as an "Ancient," ... tellect:** worked examples that support inductive reasoning.
**5. Forerunners of the new philosophy:** a rec... ia of Philosophy//.
==== Induction: A New Way of Reasoning ====
Bacon's most influential methodological contribution was the articulation of inductive reasoning as an alternative to Aristotelian syllogism. Wher
f his life: the developmental logic of children's reasoning. In 1921 he accepted the invitation of Édouard Cl... olescent becomes capable of hypothetico-deductive reasoning — the ability to reason systematically about abst... nical-Critical Method and the Study of Children's Reasoning ====
Piaget's methodological contribution was as... ich measured performance but not the structure of reasoning) and the purely observational approach (which cou
sed pedagogy of Spanish schools and came to prize reasoning, logic, and empirical experience as the foundatio... struction, and developed his mature philosophy of reasoning-based, morally oriented education. Across his car... eme through which he described the cultivation of reasoning across the human lifespan. Reacting against the m... gogy customary in Spanish colonial education with reasoning and active dialogue, and anchored de Hostos' conv
ation is therefore also an education in practical reasoning: students must learn to exercise judgment about r... of one's own family and cultural inheritance. His reasoning aligned, he noted, with the African adage that "i... g his students manifested in his push for logical reasoning to generate new knowledge rather than merely to r... isible in the persistent value placed on critical reasoning, moral character development, student-centred dia
mphasis on developing the learner's own powers of reasoning rather than transferring the teacher's conclusion... ul consent to their government must be capable of reasoning about political questions, evaluating the claims ... cation movement, with its emphasis on the active, reasoning subject rather than the passive recipient of tran
==== The Parallel Structure and Comparative Moral Reasoning ====
The architectural decision to pair a Greek ... ed readers into a practice of comparative ethical reasoning: both figures displayed similar virtues (military... onclusions in the light of new evidence or better reasoning.
==== Civic Virtue and the Aim of Education ====
. S., Smirnov, N., & Carrington, A. (2021). Civic reasoning and discourse: Perspectives from learning and hum... , G. White, & D. Dong (Eds.), Educating for civic reasoning & discourse (pp. 53–107). National Academy of Edu
sed on concept formation, perception, and logical reasoning toward a theory of **narrative** as the primary m... emphasis on scientific, logical, and mathematical reasoning that had dominated curriculum reform since Sputni
e new medical school to study clinical diagnostic reasoning; his investigation there of how physicians identi... ues discovered that expert physicians' diagnostic reasoning was not the application of a general problem-solv
lectual formation as men — systematic training in reasoning, moral reflection, and the habits of independent ... would study the same academic subjects together, reasoning that separate education produced the separate, un
lity and responsiveness to the individual child's reasoning but was sometimes criticised for its resistance t... rmal logic and mathematical epistemology, spatial reasoning, functional relationships, and physical causality
unter with Aristotle, whose secular philosophical reasoning was regarded with deep suspicion by many Christia... ed in both traditions — in rigorous philosophical reasoning and in the great texts of religious revelation —
