ncept of hegemony — the process by which dominant groups secure the consent of subordinated groups by shaping the "common sense" understandings of social and poli... knowledge forms that advantage already-advantaged groups — and a site of cultural production, in which stu... 6) and related works, Apple identifies four major groups that have coalesced around federal education poli
oviding educational opportunities to marginalized groups who had been historically excluded from mainstrea... , Scheduled Tribes (STs), and other disadvantaged groups, to pursue higher education abroad. Established a... and research among historically underrepresented groups. By expanding the horizons of SC, ST, and minorit
tch, D. (2003). The language police: How pressure groups restrict what students learn. Knopf.
==== The Re... than 100 national and local pro-public-education groups, issuing a series of influential research reports... tch, D. (2003). The language police: How pressure groups restrict what students learn. Knopf.
* Ravitch,
ction as a primary mechanism through which status groups reproduce their position across generations: acce... ncept of social closure — the strategies by which groups monopolise valued resources by restricting access... uirements than by status competition among social groups seeking to protect their occupational territories
male students across all racial and socioeconomic groups. That same year, after a sustained fight document... part, she housed students from every one of these groups in a single small building in San Juan and taught
d to reproductive patterns among different social groups. His work gained recognition but also later attra... iciently measure cognitive abilities across large groups. He constructed group verbal tests of intelligenc
expanding educational access to all marginalised groups. Mill's insistence that intellectual differences between social groups are products of socialisation rather than nature
ently superior — and when students from dominated groups internalise this verdict as a judgement on their ... stinctions but social hierarchies among competing groups of scholars.
==== The Relative Autonomy of Educa
