ontribution is his systematic critique of what he calls "pedantry" — the authoritarian, verbalistic, and ... metacognition and reflexivity — produces what he calls "commerce with books": a transformative engagemen... rn in a theory of human nature centred on what he calls the "natural desire" to explore and understand — ... ntric) model of humanistic education with what he calls the "test of things and actions" — an active peda
blic issues. Of particular concern is what Giroux calls the pervasive "culture of cruelty" — the legitima... nalytical target is neoliberalism — what he often calls "casino capitalism" — which he defines as the ide
ogical practice: the Socratic method, or what she calls Socratic pedagogy — a mode of teaching and learni... ering art, music, and theatre — develops what she calls the "compassionate imagination": the capacity to