fluential in shaping discussions around standards-based reform, quality assessment, and school choice.
H... s.
===== Key Contributions =====
==== Standards-based Reform ====
**Advocacy for Clear Standards**: Fi... nd reports discussing the importance of standards-based reform. He has articulated the need for a "tripod... " of academic standards, assessments, and results-based accountability, arguing that these elements are i
African American students and promoting an asset-based and ecological orientation in education. She is t... nd equitable educational environment.
==== Asset-Based and Ecological Orientation ====
Lee's work chall... settings. Her research and advocacy for an asset-based orientation in education focus on shifting the na... and researcher, Lee has demonstrated how an asset-based and ecological orientation can inform educational
d]]. Before his tenure, the curriculum was rigid, based primarily on classical studies. Eliot introduced ... system, which allowed students to choose courses based on their interests and career goals. This was a r... took precedence. He advocated for hiring faculty based on their expertise and research capabilities, pro... ignificant departure from the traditional lecture-based approach.
==== Diversity and Expansion of Studen
Neill advocated for creating a school environment based on love, respect, and trust, where children feel ... ual needs and desires of each student.
**5. Fear-Based Discipline:** Neill criticized the use of fear-based discipline in traditional schools, arguing that it
lude older age groups and refining the test items based on larger samples and further experimentation. Th... olved around his critical views on mental testing based solely on quantitative analyses of test scores wi... ies that revealed disparities in test performance based on students' socioeconomic backgrounds, highlight
ditioning, behaviors are strengthened or weakened based on the positive or negative consequences that fol... , manageable steps and provide immediate feedback based on the learner's responses. Skinner believed that... uctional software programs, which adapt responses based on the learner's behaviors. This concept can be p
